Wall formwork consists of sheets, studs, ties and braces. Sheets are supported by vertical studs and horizontal wales. Ties are provided to maintain the distance between the sheets and to resist the spalling action of the concrete. Small pieces of wood called spacers can be used and should be removed when the concrete reaches this level. In addition, wire ties and bolts can also be supplied. The wires are placed at a horizontal distance of about 600 mm and are wound around the wells. When the formwork is removed, the ends of the wires are cut off and a good quality cement mortar is provided to prevent rusting. If bolts are used, they should be greased or embedded in cardboard tubes to facilitate removal 2 or 3 days after the concrete is placed.
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