Enamel Paints: These paints are available in several shades. They consist mainly of white lead or zinc white, resinous matter and petroleum spirit. Their formation into a hard, permanent, decay-resistant enamel-like surface immediately after use protects it from being affected by acids, alkalis, fumes and gases, hot and cold water, etc. They can be used for internal and external purposes.
Cement Paints: These include various types of paints in which cement is the main component responsible for the hardness and durability of the painted surface. They are available in dry, powder form. They are waterproof. It is important to apply cement paint on a rough surface rather than on a smooth surface as its adhesion strength is higher on a rough surface than on a smooth surface. They are economical compared to oil paints. They are suitable for painting fresh plasters with high alkalinity as cement paints are unlikely to be attacked by masonry surface alkalinity. It is not necessary to remove existing paint to apply new paint.
Oil paints: These are usually applied in three different layers with different textures. These are called primes, undercoats and finishing coats. Wall moisture affects the life of oil paint, so it should not be applied in wet weather.
Cellulose Paints: These are prepared from nitro cotton, celluloid sheets, photographic films etc. Cellulose paints are hardened by evaporation of thinning agents. Surfaces painted with cellulose can be easily washed and cleaned. They are a bit more expensive than other paints.
Aluminum Paint: Finely ground aluminum is suspended in either a quick-drying spirit varnish or a slow-drying oil varnish, as required. As the spirit or oil evaporates, a thin film of aluminum forms on the surface. This paint creates a better protective surface on steel and iron. They are insensitive to moisture and possess high electrical resistance. They have a good shape and are visible in the dark.
Emulsion Paints: These paints contain polyvinyl acetate, synthetic resin etc. They are easy to apply and last long and can be easily cleaned with water. For a rough plastered surface, a thin coat of cement paint can be applied first to smooth the surface. A sound level is necessary to obtain paint.
Anti-corrosive paints: These consist of oil and strong driers. Pigments such as chromium oxide, lead or zinc chrome are taken and mixed with a small amount of very fine sand and then added to the paint. They are cheap and last a long time. They are black in color.
Synthetic Rubber Paints: These paints are made from resin. They have an excellent chemical resistant property. They can be applied to surfaces that are not completely dry. They offer good water resistance and are not affected by heavy rains. They dry out very quickly. They are not affected by weather and sunlight and are quite easy to apply.
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