Category: 7. Building Services

First-class bricks are practically fireproof because they can withstand exposure to fire for a long time. Due to its poor thermal conductivity, bricks can withstand high temperatures up to 1300 degrees Celsius without any serious effects. The fire resistance of the best bricks for use in construction depends on the size of the quality brick…

The use of stone in fireproof construction should be minimized as this material cannot withstand the effects of sudden cooling. After heating, if it is cooled, it breaks into pieces. Granite, when subjected to excessive heat, crumbles into sand or cracks and breaks into pieces with a series of explosions and fractures. The use of…

Wood, although itself a combustible material, provides considerable resistance to fire when used in proper sizes. Wood also has self-insulating and slow-burning properties. When a fire starts, wood burns first. This charring provides a protective coating to the interior of the wood and prevents it from burning, even at temperatures up to 500°C. At still…

While planning and designing buildings, it should be the aim of every engineer and architect that the buildings provide adequate fire resistance to provide protection to the occupants in the event of a fire. This objective is achieved by proper planning, use of fire resistant materials and construction techniques and providing quick and safe means…

Depending on the location of the air conditioning equipment, air conditioning systems are classified as follows: Central System: In this system, all the air conditioning equipment is installed at a focal or central point and then the conditioned air is distributed through ducts to all the rooms or enclosures. This type of system requires less…

A sense of comfort is a good indicator of a healthy environment and depends on changes in temperature, wind speed or wind speed and humidity during different seasons of the year. The principle of air conditioning should include proper control of temperature, humidity and air velocity. Temperature control: Comfortable zone is the temperature range suitable for…

Improving the quality of products in industrial processes such as synthetic silk and cotton fabrics. In the case of other industries, it helps in providing comfortable working conditions for workers, which in turn increases productivity.In commercial premises such as theatres, offices, banks, shops and restaurants, air conditioning is used to improve the working environment and…

Air conditioning is the process of treating air so that its temperature, humidity, purity and temperature can be simultaneously controlled to meet the needs of the conditioned space, such as human comfort and health and other environmental needs.