Category: 1. Component Parts of a Building

The total area of ​​doors and windows should not be less than one fourth of the area of ​​the room. The total area of ​​windows should be one-tenth of the floor area for hot dry climates and one-sixth of the area for wet climates. In addition to the above, ventilators are to be provided for…

Building line means the frontage line of a building, i.e. the line up to which a building terrace or street extension or future street extension may legally extend to a street. This line is often known as the setback or front building line and is in each case parallel to the plot boundaries, placed by…

Various types of finishes such as pointing, plastering, painting and distempering and decorative color washing are applied to the walls. The main functions of these endings are as follows:

A step usually consists of a tread and a riser supported by wires. A staircase is a structure consisting of several steps leading from one floor to another. Stairs in all types of residential and public buildings should be located so as to provide the easiest and fastest possible service to the building. The main…

The roof is the topmost part of the building whose main function is to enclose the space and protect it from the effects of weather elements. A good roof is as important as a secure foundation. Just as a well-designed foundation protects a building from destruction from below, a good roof protects the building itself…

Window strips are provided between the bottom of the window frame and the bottom wall to protect the top of the wall from cracking. Openings are provided in the building wall to accommodate doors and windows. The actual frame of the door or window is not strong enough to support the weight of the wall…

The main function of doors in a building is to act as a cohesive link between the interiors and to allow free movement towards the exterior of the building. Windows are generally provided for adequate ventilation and lighting and their number should be determined according to requirements. Doors and windows must meet the following requirements:

The primary function of a floor is to provide support for the building’s occupants, furniture and equipment, and the function of providing different floors is to divide the building into different levels to create more accommodation within a limited space. A floor should satisfy the following requirements:

The primary function of a wall is to enclose or divide space. Piers are usually in the form of a thick section of wall, placed at intervals along the wall to carry concentrated vertical loads or provide lateral support to the wall. These walls can be made of different materials such as brick or stone…

This is the portion of the structure between the surface of the surrounding ground and the surface of the floor immediately above the ground. The thickness of the plinth wall depends upon the weight of the superstructure and the width of the foundation concrete. The minimum height of the plinth is usually kept as not…