All structural components of the building shall be constructed in such a manner and of such materials that they will resist fire in the event of fire (i.e., 1) for the duration required by the type of construction as an integral member of the building. do -1 for 4 types of buildings 4 hours to type buildings).
Masonry load-bearing walls or columns should be thicker in section for longer fire resistance. Bricks are preferred over stones and all walls should be plastered with fireproof mortar. All steel members shall be embedded in dense concrete or some other fire-resistant material. There should be sufficient cover for all embedded steel material (minimum 5 cm). RCC floor and jack arch floor with steel joists embedded in concrete are more preferred. The wall openings provided which act as escape routes should be properly protected, otherwise they help the spread of fire. Therefore, all doors and windows should be provided with fireproof shutters and frames. Thick wooden members and steel shutters offer a certain degree of resistance. In addition, fire escapes in the form of external staircases shall be provided up to the internal staircases. These should be straight flight type with a minimum width of 75 cm and a rise of 20 cm and a run of 15 cm. A non-combustible hand rail should be provided for a minimum height of 100 cm. Ramps with gradients greater than 1 in 10 can also be provided. Alarm system and fire extinguishing system are also to be provided. Generally, one fire hydrant per 4,000-10,000 m2 area is provided depending on the population density and importance of the area.
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